Saurian scientists find evidence they are from Earth.
Voyager crew members find evidence of a species of intelligent beings with ancestors related to Earth's dinosaurs, called the Voth. A Voth scientist finds that his theory about their origins conflicts with his society's accepted beliefs and is willing to risk his career to prove it.
The episode is an exploration of the conflict between science and religious authority, in the tradition of Galileo, and the Voth would return in later episodes. It is notable for its focus on alien characters, with the crew remaining in the background for much of the episode.