The ship destroyed in 2233 by Nero's Narada, creating the Kelvin timeline.
The USS Kelvin was a Starfleet ship under Captain Richard Robau, on a routine mission in 2233 when it encountered a strange storm in space. Out of it emerged the Romulan mining vessel Narada, which had travelled back in time from the late twenty-fourth century, and its arrival created the alternate reality known as the Kelvin timeline.
The Narada opened fire, and its commander, Nero, demanded that Robau come aboard. Robau did so and was killed after being questioned. First Officer George Kirk took command and ordered the crew to abandon ship, including his wife Winona, who was in labour.
The Kelvin's autopilot had been damaged, so George Kirk stayed on board and flew the ship into the Narada while the shuttles escaped. His son, James Tiberius Kirk, was born aboard a shuttle as he died. The event opens the 2009 film Star Trek.