One of the earliest human colonies outside the Sol system, known from The Original Series as Captain Pike's intended destination and mentioned in Enterprise as a settlement of the 2150s.
Vega colony is a human settlement first mentioned in The Cage, the original Star Trek pilot, and so in The Menagerie. After the fight on Rigel VII, Captain Pike is taking the Enterprise there so that his injured crew can be treated when the ship is diverted to Talos IV.
Enterprise places the colony earlier, among the few human outposts existing in the 2150s. In the alternate future of Twilight, in which the Xindi succeed in destroying Earth, Vega colony is listed with Mars and Alpha Centauri among the human settlements the Xindi go on to wipe out.
The colony is never shown on screen. Its repeated mention makes it one of the oldest pieces of the franchise's background, tying the first years of human expansion to the time of Pike and Kirk.