The settlement of Mars by humans, dated to 2103, which produced the Martian Colonies, the Utopia Planitia shipyards and one of the earliest centres of human life beyond Earth.
The colonisation of Mars is dated in the Voyager episode The 37's, in which Kathryn Janeway says that the planet was colonised in 2103. Crewed flights had come earlier, among them the Ares IV mission of 2032 seen in One Small Step.
The settlements became known as the Martian Colonies. In the original series episode Court Martial, Samuel Cogley names their Fundamental Declarations among the great documents of law. By 2155, in the Enterprise episodes Demons and Terra Prime, Mars has a Utopia Planitia settlement and a verteron array used to redirect comets.
In later centuries the Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards above the planet build ships such as the Enterprise-D and Voyager. Picard shows the colonies and yards burning in the synth attack of 2385.